The Cornucopia/Maltheusian Debate
I n 1798, an Anglican scholar named Thomas Malthus suggested that humans used their ability to produce abundance not so much to better their lives but to increase the population. The number of people, he believed, was multiplying geometrically (1,2,4,8, 16, 32) whereas food resources were increasing arithmetically (1,2,3,4,5). Do the math as he did and there was the problem. Malthus advocated the need to reduce population growth to avoid catastrophe. Despite his unmet prediction, his ideas continue to have resonance in a world that has put its faith in technology. Chart 1 S ince his death, the population has indeed grown exponentially. With the coming of the industrial revolution, humans figured out how to keep people alive, especially children, and soon one billion turned to seven (see chart 1). W hat Malthus didn’t count on was coming technologies that would radically increase the food supply, and the eventual slowing of population growth. I nnova...